Dr. Butz graduated from Purdue University with a B.S. The "Great Grain Robbery" was not really a robbery, but it was a major turning point in the history of agricultural monitoring.. Reading Eagle . 0000061644 00000 n You're working for yourselves, because you're trying to make a little money and save some of it. The 12,500 members of the American Farm Bureau Federation to whom he addressed those remarks recently in Indianapolis roared their approval. 0000041058 00000 n 0000029849 00000 n As intended, Nixons agricultural policy lowered food prices, but the imbalance of supply and demand manifested in long-term problems. During his leadership from 1964 to 1982, Premier Leonid Brezhnev made it official Soviet policy to maintain steady growth in the livestock industry. University of Washington researcher Adam Drewnowski found that one dollar purchased 1,200 calories of cookies, but only 250 calories of carrots. this enabled the farm kids to do what? 25 The rise of factory farms that grew specialized crops subsidized by the government presented environmental troubles as well. 0000064144 00000 n [9], Butz took over the Department of Agriculture during the most recent period in American history that food prices climbed high enough to generate political heat. Earl Butz: Father of the Modern Food Subsidy System. Butz was assistant secretary of agriculture from 1954 to 1957, during the Eisenhower administration. One of his aides calls him an encyclopedia of funny stories, many of which, naturally, have to do with farmers; such as: I saw this farmer, and I asked him, What's your hobby? He said, Farming. I said, What would you do if you inherited a million dollars? He said, I'd keep on farming as long as the money lasted. His jokes have occasionally gotten him into troublelike the one in which he ridiculed the Pope's stand against artificial birth control by saying: He no playa da game; he no makea da rules. The remark brought a storm of protest from Catholics and ItalianAmericans, and resulted in one of Butz's rare apologies. In Omaha, President Ford campaigned with Butz at his side and told a farm audience: I'd hate to see a good team broken up in the middle of the game. Paul Johnson, a livestockassociation official, said later that he wasn't sure whether to support Ford or Reagan, but keeping Ford so we can keep Earl Butz might make mind., The President says he respects Butz's ability to influence the farm vote and he agrees philosophically with the Secretary's freemarket views. An increasingly consolidated meat industry learned to transform cheap grain into cheap but highly profitable burgers, chops, and chicken nuggets. Keep up with history and join our newsletter. 5In 1832, under Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme Court promoted tribal sovereignty, which recognized Native American tribes as domestic dependent nations. The court asserted in Worcester v. Georgia, Indian Nations had always been considered as distinct, independent political communities, retaining their original and natural rights, as the undisputed possessors of the soil. 6The Marshall Courts opinions were overlooked in nearly all forms of territorial expansion (most notably by the Jackson Administrations Trail of Tears), including future land policy such as Lincolns Homestead Act of 1862 that continued to promote the growth of agriculture. 0000047333 00000 n 0000041878 00000 n As their desperation grew, farmers failed to practice sustainable farming methods, which exasperated the Dust Bowl. 26 0 obj<> endobj There are those who regard him as the leader of the Great American Farm Revolution, those who regard him as Gerald Ford's greatest political asset, and there are political experts who can't decide whether Jimmy Carter is being smart or being dumb when he says he would dump Butz if he were elected President. He brooked no dissent. Expansion efforts in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries resulted in western migration that led to agricultural prosperity in rural areas. 0000056620 00000 n 0000056225 00000 n We need to reject the "go big or go . In Iowa, bin-busting harvests gave rise to an explosion of massive concentrated-animal feedlot operations (CAFOs). 0000045535 00000 n He replaced Palmby with Carroll Brunthaver, a former official of Cook Industries, another leading grain firm. The department's lax supervision of the grain exporters should have been known to Butz, because in the early 1970's the entire focus of expanding agricultural trade was on grain. 0000018904 00000 n A Short History of Agricultural Adjustment, 1933-1975. National Agricultural Library Digital Collections. The act granted settlers one hundred and sixty acres of land, which they would own outright on the condition of improvement after five years of homesteading, or could purchase at a low cost after six months. 0000053344 00000 n BY TAKA YAMAGUCHI In 1976, then-U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Earl Butz coined the now infamous phrase, "food is a weapon.". Nevertheless, there has been, as Butz asserts, something of a revolution in American agriculture during his tenure. In the 1970s, changing diets worldwide, bad weather in Russia, and U.S. government policies combined to create a boom in rural America. Describe that change. [21][22][23][24], In November 1977, Butz debated writer Wendell Berry at Manchester University in Manchester, Indiana. In 1971, President Richard Nixon appointed Butz as Secretary of Agriculture, a position in which he continued to serve after Nixon resigned in 1974 as the result of the Watergate scandal. [26][27], On May 22, 1981, Butz pleaded guilty to federal tax evasion charges for having under-reported income he earned in 1978. The Earl L. Butz file group documents the activities of the Office of the Counsellor to the President for Natural Resources from its inception in January of 1973 until its functions were subsumed by Governor John Love's Energy Policy Office in the summer of 1973. 0000009251 00000 n But he endured personal humiliation along the way. 0000029707 00000 n 0000054304 00000 n 0000063406 00000 n Farm incomes plunged and tens of thousands of farms went under. American land policy began in the wake of the Revolutionary War, designed to bolster agricultural production to support the expanding nation. At the 1974 World Food Conference in Rome, Butz made fun of Pope Paul VI's opposition to "population control" by quipping, in a mock Italian accent: "He no playa the game, he no maka the rules. [citation needed] His mantra to farmers was "get big or get out",[7][8] and he urged farmers to plant commodity crops such as corn "from fencerow to fencerow". 0000040918 00000 n When questioned about the problems of such farmers, Butz tends to brush the inquiries aside, saying only that some producers are less efficient than others. He was also fined $10,000 and ordered to pay $61,183 in civil penalties. 0000009453 00000 n On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The artificial prices implemented by the government masked the problems of overproduction that threatened food prices and the agricultural system as a whole. But, if you hit the button that adjusts prices for inflation, there is was a huge spike in corn prices after the Russian grain purchase. In 1970, the Government was paying farmers $3.7 billion in subsidies, mostly as an incentive not to plant. At one time, he headed the Purdue Department of Agriculture. Millions of hogs, cattle and chicken were sold for slaughter as producers reduced their inventories. 0000067068 00000 n naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/CAT87210025/PDF, Bittman, Mark, Dont End Agricultural Subsidies, Fix Them., United States v. Butler. Legal Information Institute. We believe in our ability to come together to shape the future through policy change. 0000062821 00000 n Others bowdlerized the quote, in some cases replacing the female genital reference with "a tight [obscenity]" and the scatological reference with "a warm place to [vulgarism]" or "warm toilet seats". Beginning in 1973, policy changes promoted by Nixon Secretary of Agriculture Earl Butz deregulated the corn market. 0000058194 00000 n Butz, an agriculture expert, had a radical plan that would transform the food we eat, and in doing so, the shape of the human race. The government would also buy excess grain from farmers and store it. 10Despite a surplus of agricultural commodities, farmers increased production to compensate for low prices, worsening the imbalance of supply and demand and further devaluing their crops. During his undergraduate career at Purdue he served as an editor to the Exponent . Exports sustained high grain prices, leading the United States Department of Agriculture to describe the years between 1910 and 1914 as the golden age of farming. Facebook, Follow us on 0000056798 00000 n 0000009419 00000 n 0000022228 00000 n 0000008397 00000 n He also advised farmers to get big or get out adapt or die, in the belief that bigger farms were more productive. And so he got caught in a paradigm shift. Earl L. Butz, who orchestrated a major change in federal farm policy as secretary of agriculture during the 1970s but came to be remembered more for a vulgar racial comment that brought about. Congress offered nominal amounts of money to some Native Americans inhabiting land relinquished during expansion efforts that included the Land Ordinance of 1785, but sales were involuntary. trailer In a 1973 speech, he accused the housewives of America of having a low level of economic intelligence, and in his office he kept a sculpture of two copulating elephants that he delighted in showing off to visitors. There was some question whether or not Butz realized that the Soviets were buying up one quarter of the entire U.S. wheat crop, but he did nothing to stop the sale despite the fact that it eventually raised food prices. But New Times magazine enterprisingly sleuthed out Butz's identity by checking the itineraries of all Cabinet members. He was 98. You are the most productive part of America! 0000067449 00000 n Earl Butz Oral History Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum 3 Butz: Oh, Nixon was warm and personal when you got to know him. 0000066397 00000 n 0000070129 00000 n To ensure bountiful food for the home front and the devastated allied nations, the government implemented price supports on crops. 0000059674 00000 n Reader support helps sustain our work. 0000047529 00000 n Many of the farmers themselves are beginning to agree with the criticisms. Membership was supposed to have included consumer interests, but the consumer representative turned out to be Jane Armstrong a vice president for consumer affairs of Jewell Food Stores, a major supermarket chain. Butz . 0000056005 00000 n These policies did a great job of keeping American agriculture profitable but were very expensive for the nation as a whole. Help us continue to bring you the best of the archives without the dust! 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